Invisible Geolocation Signature Extraction From a Single Image
نویسندگان
چکیده
Geotagging images of interest are increasingly important to law enforcement, national security, and journalism. Today, many do not carry location tags that trustworthy resilient tampering; landmark-based visual clues may be readily present in every image, especially those taken indoors. In this paper, we exploit an environmental signature from the power grid, electric network frequency (ENF) signal, which can inherently captured a sensing stream at time recording carries useful time–location information. Compared recent art extracting ENF traces audio video recordings, it is very challenging extract trace single image. We address challenge by first mathematically examining impact embedding steps such as electricity light conversion, scene geometry dilution radiation, image sensing. then incorporate verified parametric models physical process into our proposed entropy minimization method. The optimized results used for creating two-level presence–classification test region-of-capturing localization. It identifies whether has trace; if yes, 50 or 60 Hz. quantitatively study relationship between strength its detectability This paper comprehensive work bring out unique forensic capability shed on image’s capturing location.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1556-6013', '1556-6021']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2022.3185775